The Reluctant Dissident Poet – Irina Ratushinskaya

Welcome to a new series profiling poets, in this profile I will be exploring the work of infamous Russian dissident Irina Ratushinskaya charting her life and her work, and the struggles and triumphs of her existence.

These profiles will be a mixed affair, with media links and music to compound your exploration of the poets work,  as well as presenting the poems themselves, and some some music I think relates to each one, in this sense these profiles are very personal conversations across time with spirits kindred and otherwise.

Like poetry itself.

Chris Godber

Song for Irina – Welcome to Utopia by Wang Wen 

Irina Ratushinskaya

Poem1: I Will Live and Survive by Irina Ratushinskaya

And I will tell of the first beauty
I saw in captivity.

A frost-covered window! No spy-holes, nor walls,
Nor cell-bars, nor the long endured pain –
Only a blue radiance on a tiny pane of glass,
A cast pattern – none more beautiful could be dreamt!
The more clearly you looked the more powerfully blossomed
Those brigand forests, campfires and birds!
And how many times there was bitter cold weather
And how many windows sparkled after that one –

But never was it repeated
That upheaval of rainbow ice!

Who Was She? 

On 17th September 1982 Ratushinskaya was arrested for anti-Soviet agitation. In April 1983, she was convicted of “agitation carried on for the purpose of subverting or weakening the Soviet regime”, and sentenced to seven years in a labor camp followed by five years of internal exile.  Her poetry  is known for it’s Christian sensibilities contrasting the ideals of her faith  with the reality of the dreaded labor camp she was forced to endure.

Whilst in prison, Irina was able to continue writing. Deprived of paper, she’d scratch her poems out on bars of soap, committing them to memory,  then erasing them and reconstructing them when eventually paper came to hand.

How Did I discover her?

Russian poetry has fascinated me since I picked up a small everyman library collection called Russian Poets a few years ago – a collection featuring  many well known poets of the Motherland and I was immediately captured by the mix of an earthly quality with a certain fire like zeal many of these poets possessed, especially in the latter parts of the October Revolution. These poems  always seem to stir something inside in me, the bombast, the fury,  and indeed they have influenced much of my own poetry in it’s polemic and direct style.

But there is another side to the Russian soul, and one which can be carried in equally as much esteem, and that is their literary tendency to melancholy and silent hope, certainly religious in it’s origins, or at the least as holy as mere men can be.  Figures like Dostoevsky and Tolstoy being obvious examples.

As such Irina is a new discovery for me as I explore the serious and at times sombre side of the Russian imagination in verse and prose.

So whilst revolutionary poets like Mayaofsky get examined under the microscope of their place in the revolution, I thought it might be interesting to look at one of it’s victims and underdogs, but a victim who  never the less  found beauty and strength though her terrible experiences  without falling to being consumed by hatred.

Poem analysis*

*As this is a Russian poet, some of the translations may differ slightly from the original Russian.

No, I’m Not Afraid by Irina Ratushinskaya, translated by David McDuff

I’m not afraid: after a year
Of breathing these prison nights
I will survive into the sadness
To name which I escape.
The cockere
l will weep freedom for me
And here- knee-deep in mire-My gardens shed their water
And the northern air blows in draughts.
And how am I to carry to an alien planet
What are almost tears, as though towards home…
It isn’t true, I am afraid, my darling!

Listen to a russian reading of this poem set to music 

As you should be able to feel when reading these poems, this is poetry high tension, and you get the feeling of the oppressive power surrounding the poet, lines like

The cockere
l will weep freedom for me
And here- knee-deep in mire-My gardens shed their water
And the northern air blows in draughts.

express a feeling both of great despair and emptiness, a landscape of both desolation and sadness. An overwhelming feeling of nature reverberates through her poems too I think, and the beauty of the otherwise ordinary.

How horror makes us see such things I imagine.  They are pure hymns to humanism, and I find when reading them a good reminder that I am human too. True there are many obvious allusions to Christians sentiments and feelings in her poems, but I find reading her that is the human element that stands out, rather than anything divine or ordained like overbearing Catholic symbolism, more a feeling of a light flickering in the darkness.

Final Thoughts

… you must not, under any circumstances, allow yourself to hate. Not because your tormentors have not earned it. But if you allow hatred to take root, it would flourish and spread during your years in the camps, driving out everything else, and ultimately corrode and warp your soul. You will no longer be yourself, your identity will be destroyed, all that will remain will be a hysterical, maddened and bedevilled husk of the human being that once was.”

Irina Ratushinskaya (4 March 1954 – 5 July 2017)

Chris Godber
Chris Godber
Chris Godber is an artist, programmer and writer originally from the UK currently based in Moscow. Chris has written poems since his youth and writes regularly for online publications as well as producing short stories and writing philosophical essays for London Based artists collective The Tunnel. He also has experience teaching English as a foreign language to young Russian Students at an English camp called Rekaleto in Russia.

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